Namespaces & Access Control

Namespaces

A logical division of code designed to stop naming conflicts and define scope for identifiers.

• Removes ambiguity when different tasks occur with same name.
• Standard namespace ‘std’ contains inbuilt classes and functions.

Access Specifiers

Define how functions and variables can be accessed outside the class:

• Private: Accessible only within the same class.
• Public: Accessible from anywhere.
• Protected: Accessible within class and child classes (generally used in inheritance).

Additional OOP Notes

Key technical details in C++ OOP:

• Delete: Used to release a unit of memory; delete[] for an array.
• Virtual inheritance: Facilitates creating only one copy of each object if it appears more than once in hierarchy.
• Operator overloading: Standard operators can be redefined for class instances.